Kasashe da yawa suna da dokokin hana shan taba wanda ke kafa mafi ƙarancin adadinakwatin sigariwanda za a iya haɗa shi cikin fakiti ɗaya.
A ƙasashe da yawa waɗanda suka tsara wannan, mafi ƙarancin girman fakitin sigari shine 20, misali a Amurka (Lambar Dokokin Tarayya mai lamba 21 Sashe na 1140.16) da ƙasashen Tarayyar Turai (Dokar Kayayyakin Taba ta EU, 2014/40/EU). Umarnin EU ya sanya mafi ƙarancin adadinakwatin sigaria kowace fakiti don ƙara farashin sigari a gaba don haka ya sa su zama ƙasa da araha ga matasa 1. Sabanin haka, akwai ƙarancin ƙa'ida game da matsakaicin girman fakiti, wanda ya bambanta a duniya tsakanin sigari 10 zuwa 50 a kowace fakiti. An gabatar da fakiti 25 a Ostiraliya a cikin shekarun 1970, kuma fakiti 30, 35, 40 da 50 sun shiga kasuwa a hankali a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka biyo baya 2. A Ireland, girman fakitin da ya fi girma 20 ya ƙaru daga kashi 0% na tallace-tallace a 2009 zuwa 23% a 2018 3. A Burtaniya, an gabatar da fakiti 23 da 24 bayan gabatar da fakitin da ba a daidaita ba (wanda aka daidaita). Koyo daga waɗannan abubuwan, New Zealand ta ba da umarnin a yi amfani da girman fakiti biyu kawai (20 da 25) a matsayin wani ɓangare na dokokinta na fakitin da ba a daidaita ba 4.
Samuwar girman fakitin da ya fi girma 20akwati na sigariyana da matukar muhimmanci saboda karuwar shaidar da ke nuna rawar da girman rabon abinci ke takawa wajen amfani da wasu kayayyaki.
Yawan cin abinci yana ƙaruwa lokacin da aka ba mutane girma, idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan girman rabo, tare da bita na Cochrane wanda aka gudanar a tsarin Cochrane wanda ya gano ƙaramin tasiri zuwa matsakaici na girman rabo akan abinci da shan abin sha mai laushi 5. Bitar ta kuma bincika shaidun tasirin girman rabo akan shan taba. Nazari uku ne kawai suka cika sharuɗɗan haɗawa, duk sun mayar da hankali kanakwati na sigaritsawon lokaci, ba tare da wani bincike da ke nazarin tasirin shan girman fakitin sigari ba. Rashin shaidar gwaji abin damuwa ne, domin karuwar yawan fakitin da ke cikinsa na iya kawo cikas ga ci gaban lafiyar jama'a da aka samu ta hanyar wasu manufofin hana shan taba.
Zuwa yanzu, nasarar manufofin hana shan taba a ƙasashe da yawa ya kasance saboda rage shan taba ta hanyar shiga tsakani bisa farashi maimakon haɓaka daina shan taba, tare da ƙimar daina shan taba ta kasance mai daidaito a tsawon lokaci 6. Wannan ƙalubalen yana jaddada buƙatar manufofi waɗanda ke ƙarfafa daina shan taba. Rage yawan sigari a kowace rana da masu shan taba ke sha na iya zama muhimmin abin da zai sa a yi nasarar daina shan taba, kuma yayin da ƙara farashi wataƙila shine mafi kyawun dabarun, wasu manufofin hana shan taba suma suna da mahimmanci wajen rage shan taba 7. Abubuwan da ke faruwa a shan taba sun nuna cewa masu shan taba na iya kuma sun fara kuma sun ci gaba da rage shan taba a ƙasashe da yawa. Misali, a shekarun da ake ƙara amfani da manufofin hana shan taba a wuraren aiki, masu shan taba sun fi iya daina shan taba a wuraren aiki marasa shan taba idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka ba da damar shan taba 8. An ruwaito adadinakwati na sigariShan taba a kowace rana ya ragu a tsawon lokaci a Ostiraliya, Burtaniya da sauran ƙasashe da yawa (2002–07) 9.
A Ingila, jagororin Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya da Kulawa ta Ƙasa (NICE) (shawarwarin kula da lafiya na ƙasa bisa ga shaidu) suna ƙarfafa masu shan taba su rage shan taba bisa ga cewa yana iya ƙara yiwuwar dainawa. Duk da haka, akwai wasu damuwa cewa haɓaka ragewa na iya rage dakatarwa da kuma juriya ga komawa baya. 10. Wani bita na tsari kan hanyoyin daina shan taba ya gano cewa ragewa kafin dainawa, ko dainawa ba zato ba tsammani, yana da irin wannan ƙimar dainawa ga masu shan taba da ke da niyyar dainawa. Wani gwaji na baya ya gano cewa ragewa don daina shan taba bai yi tasiri ba fiye da dakatar da shan taba ba zato ba tsammani; duk da haka, marubutan sun ba da shawarar cewa shawarar rage shan taba na iya zama da amfani idan ta ƙara haɗin kai da manufar samun tallafi. Gyaran muhalli kamar iyakancewaakwati na sigariGirman fakitin yana da yuwuwar rage amfani banda sanin yakamata. Saboda haka yana ba da damar isar da fa'idodin rage shan taba ba tare da mai shan taba ya haɓaka imani game da rage illa ta hanyar rage shi kaɗai ba. An nuna nasara daga manufofi don iyakance girman, da adadin da aka yarda a cikin siyarwa ɗaya tilo, na wasu samfuran masu cutarwa. Misali, rage adadin magungunan rage radadi a kowace fakiti ya kasance da amfani wajen hana mutuwa ta hanyar kashe kansa 13.
Wannan labarin yana da nufin ginawa akan wani bita na Cochrane na baya-bayan nan na 5 wanda ba a sami wani bincike na gwaji ba game da tasirin girman fakitin sigari akan shan taba.
Idan babu wata shaida kai tsaye, mun gano bambancin da ke akwai a samuwarakwati na sigari girma dabam-dabam da kuma tattara littattafan da suka dace da muhimman zato guda biyu na girman fakitin rufewa:
(i) rage girman fakitin zai iya rage amfani; kuma (ii) rage amfani da shi na iya ƙara yawan shan sa. Rashin nazarin gwaji don tallafawa waɗannan zato ba ya hana barazanar cewa ƙaruwar yawan amfani da fakitin zai iya haifar da raguwar amfani da fakitin.akwati na sigariGirman fakiti (> 20) na iya zama sanadin nasarar wasu manufofin rage shan taba. Muna jayayya cewa mayar da hankali kan mafi ƙarancin girman fakiti, ba tare da la'akari da ko ya kamata a sami matsakaicin girman fakitin da ya wajaba ba, ya haifar da wata matsala da masana'antar taba za ta iya amfani da ita. Dangane da shaidun da ba na kai tsaye ba, mun gabatar da hasashen cewa dokar gwamnati ta iyakance fakitin taba zuwa sigari 20 zai ba da gudummawa ga manufofin rage shan taba na ƙasa da na duniya don rage yawan shan taba.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuli-25-2024